Syllabus for
Master of Architecture
Academic Year  (2023)

The M.Arch Program, affiliated with Christ University (Deemed to be University), is a two-year program, approved by the Council of Architecture New Delhi. It is interdisciplinary in nature to make the program diverse and nuanced. The program is structured in four verticals, Studio, Theory, Workshop, and Seminar. 1. Studio Courses: This course is the mandatory design studio-based course for Semester I, II, and III, which shall deal with multiple aspects, shall be interdisciplinary in nature and shall be paradigm or issue-based culminating with a thesis project. The syllabus of the studio course for each of these semesters will be suggestive of a) Representation and Skills; the level and intensity of technical and soft skills required for representation and communication that need to be imparted and acquired in the particular semester informed by workshop courses in the respective semesters. b) Contextual Quality; suggestive of a particular physical, environmental, social, built context that the studio must be based upon. c) Scale of Enquiry; suggestive of multi-scalar or lateral approach, or intensity or depth of inquiry that the studio shall engage in, informed by the theory & semester courses in respective semesters. d) Critical Thinking; suggestive of the theoretical premise, aspects, and depth of critical thinking that the studio shall engage in. 2. Theory Courses: These courses are the overarching theory courses that inform the studios and correspond to it thematically. 3. Workshop Courses: These are the skill development workshop courses, which are requisite for students to represent documentation, analysis tools, and design development throughout the program. They may run throughout the semester, or can also be intensive 2-day or 1 week-long workshop. 4. Seminar: These are theory-based seminar courses with a focus on critical thinking, offering in-depth inquiry, and connected to the corresponding studio course and its theme. The total number of credits for this two-year M.Arch program is 85 credits, structured across the above courses. The program entails a Summer Internship of eight weeks with Design offices or NGOs rendering urban design, planning projects. The Program thus intends to render a holistic understanding of Urban Studies and Design. . The Board of Studies members include acclaimed academicians and leading architects; Prof. Durganand Balsavar, Principal Architect - Artes ROOTS, Dean Saveetha College of Architecture – Chennai; and Ar Bijoy Ramchandran, Principal Architect Hundred Hands, Bangalore.

[A] Eligibility Candidates willing to pursue the M.Arch programme at CHRIST must have a valid Bachelor’s degree in Architecture (B.Arch), from an institute recognised by the Council of Architecture. The student must have also scored a minimum aggregate score of 50%.

[B] Programme Requirements Successful completion of the M.Arch Programme requires the completion of seventeen courses (87 credits) which would consist of three design studios (10 credits each), three workshops (4 credits each), three theory courses (4 credits each), four seminar courses (3 credits each) two holistic education courses (1 credit each), one summer internship ( 3 credits) and one Thesis (16 credits)

[C] ADMISSION Admission is eligible to the Masters in Architecture to all the candidates who have passed the Bachelors of Architecture with a minimum of 50% marks in aggregate recognized by the Council of Architecture. The candidate shall apply with a Statement of Purpose and three recommendation letters on line. There shall be an entrance examination conducted by CHRIST (Deemed to be University) followed by a personal interview of the candidate's portfolio of academic and professional works.

[D] DURATION The M. Arch course shall be of minimum duration of 2 years or 4 semesters of approximately 18 working weeks each, with eight weeks Summer Internship.

Programme Outcome/Programme Learning Goals/Programme Learning Outcome:

PO2: Able to demonstrate a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach that bridges the gap between academics and practice

PO3: Able to investigate and conduct research on pertinent urban and ecological issues of the global south and specifically in the context of Asia

PO4: Able to execute the roles and responsibilities to effectively find informed solutions through design, advocacy and activism.

PO5: Able to develop relevant and contemporary problems that are domain-specific and issue-based.

PO6: Able to appraise and practice areas of specialization in the subject of their choice.

PO-7: Sensitivity: At the end of the programme, the student will be PO7 Able to work effectively in multi-disciplinary teams within the field of human habitat demonstrating social and environmental responsibility.

PO-8: Able to demonstrate engagement in community outreach programs and to apply the assimilated knowledge in built environment-related disciplines that are relevant to ethical practice in architecture.

PO-9: Knowledge: At the end of the programme, the student will be PO 9: Able to demonstrate and extend the appropriate knowledge for designing the built environment.

PO-10: Able to integrate critical thinking skills to recognize and assess the existing environment in the service of the discipline of architecture.

PO-11: Able to creatively apply sound knowledge in design theories and their applications, building technology, social, cultural and environmental factors.

PO-12: Able to demonstrate and extend the interdisciplinary knowledge and use tools that enable it

PO-13: Skilled practice: At the end of the programme, the student will be Able to practice the inculcated skills creatively for the physical, social and creative realms of crafting architecture

PO-14: Able to recognize and act upon opportunities and aspiration.

PO-15: Able to demonstrate creative problem-solving skills with the skills learnt, working with varied materials and media.

PO-16: Able to use the acquired skills to demonstrate design concepts and solutions, and adopt effective communication of those ideas to peers, clients, decision-makers, and the public.

Programme Specific Outcome:

PSO2: Affective: a. Ability to be socially and environmentally sensitive and to work effectively in multi-disciplinary teams within the building industry b. Ability to uphold and demonstrate ethical responsibilities and professional obligations in architecture and urban design.

PSO3: Psychomotor: a. Ability to demonstrate creative problem-solving skills while working with varied cultural contexts, materials, and mediums b. Ability to communicate effectively the design concepts and solutions necessary for the urban built environment.

Programme Educational Objective:

PEO2: To offer learning that encourages a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach and bridges the gap between academics and practice.

PEO3: To offer education and conduct research on pertinent urban and ecological issues of the global south and specifically in the context of Asia.

PEO4: To provide an education that makes students understand the roles and responsibilities to effectively find informed solutions through design, advocacy, and activism.

The M Arch Programme offers theory and studio courses. The theory courses conduct periodical Continuous Internal Assessments (CIA) which include tests, assignments, and attendance to evaluate the students' progress. Each course would culminate with an End Semester Examination (ESE) conducted centrally by the University.

The Studio courses are continuously evaluated through reviews, assignments, and time problems, which accumulate as CIA marks. The ESE will be conducted through Viva-voce reviewed and marked by an external examiner.

Course Description: The course introduces the concepts of Urbanism through evolution of time and space. The course aims to show the evolution of physical form of cities and built form, through various social, political and economic determinants.

Course Objective: To introduce the historical evolution of cities and their urban space to study what shaped them that led to their morphological advancements. To develop the ability to analyze determinants of urban, ecological and socio-cultural aspects that help in interpreting parameters for reading cities.

Introduction of urban design ideology and theory, various concerns in the field, components of urban design and its terminologies. Introduction of urban forms, the various factors that may have shaped cities and urban spaces. City as patterns, diagrams, spaces and ideas such as organic; grid; political functional- secularist-socialist diagrams; grand manner; skyline; city edge; urban division; Public spaces and its various typologies including street, plazas, chowks and parks. 

Introduces the concepts of urbanism through the evolution of time and space in Indian cities and cities of the world. Evolution of physical form of cities and built form, through socio-cultural determinants; as centers of power, politics, trade and economy, religion and culture. Study of the beginnings of cities derived from being centers of agriculture to dynamic cities of the world; Indian cases of Early towns, Temple towns, Colonial towns, New Towns. Cases of Early towns, Medieval towns, Renaissance and Pre-industrial and Post-Industrial cities. 15 Understanding cities through socio cultural determinants; as centers of power, politics, trade and economic centers, religion and culture.

Introduction to Theories of modern, postmodern perspectives and influences of Lewis Mumford, Kevin Lynch, Aldo Rossi, Christopher Alexander, Jane Jacobs, Gordon Cullen; Utopia; Archigram; New Urbanism. Social access - territoriality, exclusion and inclusion, Proxemics theory, Defensible spaces, Public and private spaces, Community spaces, Suburbs and periphery, Future of the city. Various theoretical views associated with nature of city form - Normative and positive theories; Cosmic, Machine and Organic Models; Descriptive and functional theories; Alternative theoretical postulations.

Industrial revolution and its effect in cities of Europe and America, Garden city, Modern movement, City Beautiful movement, Capitalist cities. The Rise and fall of cities; destruction & reconstruction of cities, Urban renewal, post-war reconstruction, the picturesque city, Haussmannization, Urban sprawl, Sustainable cities, transit oriented development. Post-independence cities, New Town Movement in India and its influence on post-independent Indian city planning concepts, modern planned cities.

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%

• CIA 1 and 3 for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks.
• CIA 2 for the course shall be conducted in the form of the Mid Semester Examination.
• A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of the course
• CIA -1- 10 Marks; CIA -2 - 15 Marks; CIA -3 - 20 Marks; Attendance- 05 Marks; Total - 50 Marks 

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%

• Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in CIA.
• The course shall have a written exam of three-hour duration.
• Total ESE- 50 Marks

PASS CRITERIA

A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%.

Parametric architecture is an advanced design and modeling approach that involves the use of mathematical algorithms and computer software to create complex and highly detailed architectural models. This course provides an in-depth understanding of parametric architecture concepts and techniques, including the principles of algorithmic design, digital fabrication, and advanced architectural modeling.. Course Outcome: Ability to apply comprehensive understanding of parametric design principles and techniques to create effective and innovative architectural designs.

This workshop based unit shall include application based spatial and digital mapping by using drone survey and techniques of analysis. This course enables students to learn and apply computational methods in data, analysis and design through complex computation and spatial means; integration of mathematical, geographic, environmental, spatial and information science for data and spatial visualization and analysis; through drone survey and mapping. Drone Surveying and Mapping: Introduction to practical use of Drone in surveying and mapping by selecting an appropriate Intervention site (small area or town) or site from design studio. Use of Drone data processing tools for 2D and 3D imagery; Drone2Map for ArcGIS streamlines the creation of professional imagery products from drone-captured imagery by implementing professional photogrammetry suite. Helping to generate products quickly for visualization and analysi

Course Outcomes: 1. Ability to produce a short film on a relevant subject involving processes of concept, story line, pre and post production techniques. 2. Ability to produce a narrative on a relevant subject involving processes of concept, story line. 3. Ability to use methods of drone surveying and analysis

The Unit emphasizes the potential of digital fabrication and fabrication techniques such as CNC milling, 3D printing, laser cutting, and robotic fabrication as powerful tools in architectural design and construction. Students will learn how to incorporate these tools and techniques into their design process to optimize construction efficiency, reduce construction costs, and enhance the overall quality of architectural design. The course also covers the use of parametric and generative design tools, including Grasshopper and Rhinoceros, to create complex forms and structures that are difficult to achieve using traditional design methods. These tools enable the creation of intricate geometries and complicated structures that are optimized for function and performance. Course Outcome: Ability to use advanced digital tools to fabricate complex forms and develop into physical models using appropriate modern model making technology and tools. 

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 100%

Continuous Internal Assessment for this course  shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks. A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of the course

Total CIA - 100 Marks

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 100%

Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 100% in the CIA.

The course shall have a Viva Voce evaluated by an external examiner and internal examiner of the portfolio presentation.

Total ESE - 100 Marks

PASS CRITERIA: A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%

Course Description: The Seminar courses of Semester I shall dwell into further critical thinking triggered in the studio course, to offer in depth inquiry. Unit 1: Courses that are eclectically and thematically chosen by the course instructor that complement Studio I. Unit 2: Choice- based unit chosen by students to complement their skill development in necessary for the studio I.

Course Objective: To develop critical thinking and in depth enquiry in the respective seminar course.

To introduce heritage and conservation concepts, policies in the built and urban environment context. It shall introduce urban and architectural conservation policies in the built environment context. The course shall delve into historically developed cities, heritage zones, world heritage sites, their culture and development of cities or zones of various scale, culture and locations. It shall comprehend the contemporary framework, legislations of urban conservation through case examples

Conservation legislative acts, policies, heritage charters, development plans, Govt. schemes such as HRIDAY, Smart cities and their respective present institutional framework.implementation and governance mechanism in heritage conservation and heritage management

Introduction to heritage and urban conservation. Difference between conservation, restoration and preservation. Distinction between Architectural, Urban Conservation. Importance of heritage – tangible and intangible heritage in the context of historic and inner city areas. Ethics of conservation.

Stages in conservation process – documentation, listing of heritage sites and precincts, grading, proposals and guidelines. Practice and role of conservation in urban development by using various urban planning tools and regulations, understand the relevance of heritage tourism (and eco-tourism) through case studies. Approaches and methods of conservation, such as community participation, concepts of adaptive reuse, upgradation programs, revitalization, regeneration, redevelopment of inner city areas. New developmental activities in historic settings. Townscape analysis, Visual Integration heritage impact assessment.

This study shall sensitize students to human interactions with the built environment, through critical readings on anthropology, cultural paradigms, gender and the like. It lends contemporary intersectional and interdisciplinary perspectives on cultural phenomena and theories; provides understanding of epistemological, methodological, ideological frameworks pertaining to nation and culture, perspectives of gender, regional, caste identities. Role and permeability of culture and gender in urbanism; safe and friendly cities. Culture and Gender Studies: Humanizing cities, through anthropology, cultural paradigms, gender, child friendly cities and the like.

This study shall initiate understanding of cities and urban spaces. It shall enable the student to appreciate and critique cities of the past, present and the future. Examine how urban spaces have been conceptualized and they have been translated into reality; Examine historical particularities of individual situations. Examine the theoretical underpinnings of the terms “Utopia” and “City”, drawing parallels between the utopian dreams, practice and implementation. Endeavour to study not only what the city is, but also how it has been imagined and reimagined, even up to the current day. Explore specific experiments to use a utopian impulse to recondition disturbing urban environments. 

Fundamental hypothesis: the study of building typology in relation to the city, concepts of Aldo Rossi. The street, Square, façade & typologies of sections and elevations, the works of Rob Krier. City as a visual matter, philosophy of perception, comprehension of the environment through visual examination, Serial vision, place, content, etc based on the concepts of Gorden Cullen. Perception of movement and clarity/ legibility in the cityscapes, Concepts of Kevin Lynch. Pattern language of Christopher Alexander, City seen as a complex. Lattice and the underlying principles expressed in an abstract pattern. Edmund Bacon’s work on city design based on the movement system. “Learning from Las Vegas” tools.

Course Outcomes: 1. Ability to understand the different urban social theoreticians and their theories and its influence on the city. 2. Ability to understand social theory through timeline and its changing position.

References: R1. Borden, Iain, Tim Hall and Malcolm Miles (Eds.). 2003. “The City Cultures Reader” (Routledge). R2. Castells, Manuel. (1978.) ”City, Class and Power (Sociology, politics & cities)” (Palgrave Macmillan). R3. Davis, Mike. (1990.) “City of Quatrz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles” (Verso). R4. Harvey, David. (2001). “Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography” (Blackwell/Wiley). R5. Harvey, David. (2000). “Spaces of Hope” (University of California Press). R6. Jacobs, Jane.( 1961). “The Death and Life of Great American Cities” (Vintage). R7. Lin, Jan and Christopher Mele (eds.).(2012.) ”The Urban Sociology Reader” (Routledge)

This Unit introduces students to conceptual and theoretical perspectives of urban social theory. It shall enable the student to understand the relationship between urbanism and social theory through concepts of Rob Krier, Christopher Alexander, Edmund Bacon and the like.

The unit is intended to introduce to the students the concept of ecology from a historical perspective and the integral relationship between man, community and environment. It introduces students to the concept of ecology from a historical perspective and the integral relationship between man, community and environment. To initiate discussions on the pertinent ecological issues, concerns and environmental movements and reactions to them. To understand various discourses and pioneering works in Social Ecology

Understanding nature, ecology and environment, the historical development of ecology. The aspects of human decision making and environment – environment and society, carrying capacity. Perspectives on environment: Techno -centrist, Functional; Indian thought etc.

Environmental Degradation and Pollution of Natural Resources. Tragedy of the Commons - Encroachments over Common Property Resources. The Energy Crisis, Global Warming and Interventions from civil society. State and Environmental Preservation Role of traditional systems in Environmental management.

Course Outcomes: 1. Ability to acquire basic knowledge and understanding of the concept of Ecology and the various perspectives. 2. Ability to discuss human-nature interactions, Ability to analyze local, personal and community conflicts, demands and aspirations regarding socio-ecological issues. 3. To familiarize with different environmental issues and levels of activism required for public policy.

References: R1. Arnold, D and Ramchandra Guha (eds.), (1999).”Essays on the Environmental Nature, Culture, Imperialism: History of South Asia”. Delhi: OUP. R2. Gadgil, M and Ramchandra Guha, (1994). “This fissured Land: An Ecological History of India.” Delhi: OUP. R3. Ibid. (1995). “Ecology and Equity: The Use and Abuse of Nature in Contemporary India.” Delhi: Penguin. R4. Guha, R. (ed). (1998). “Social Ecology: Readings in Sociology and Anthropology.” London: OUP. R5. Gilbert F. La Freniere. (2012). “The Decline of Nature: Environmental History and the Western Worldview.” Paper Back ed. Oregon: Oak Savanna . R6. Emilio F. Moran. (2006). “People and Nature: An Introduction to Human Ecological Relations.” Wiley-Blackwell. R7. Grove, Richard. (1996). “Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens and the Origins of Environmentalism, 1600-1860.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Understanding process in context of environment - technology and industrialisation, commercialisation of agriculture, urbanization and globalization, deforestation and ecological imbalance

Stages in conservation process – documentation, listing of heritage sites and precincts, grading, proposals and guidelines. Practice and role of conservation in urban development by using various urban planning tools and regulations, understand the importance of heritage tourism (and eco-tourism) through case studies. Approaches and methods of conservation, such as community participation, concepts of adaptive reuse, upgradation programs, revitalization, regeneration, redevelopment of inner city areas. New developmental activities in historic settings. Townscape analysis, Visual Integration heritage impact assessment. Conservation legislative acts, policies, heritage charters, development plans, Govt. schemes such as HRIDAY, Smart cities and their respective present institutional framework. Financing, implementation and governance mechanism in heritage conservation and heritage management.

Course Outcomes: 1. Ability to comprehend, gain knowledge, critically appraise the practice, processes, approach and methods adopted in heritage conservation through national and international case studies at varied scales. 2. Ability to comprehend the legislative, institutional, governance and implementation framework of heritage conservation to understand their role and application in urban development.

References: R1. Tawab, A. A. (2013). “Introduction to Urban Conservation”. Deutschland, Germany: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. R2. Fitch James, “Historic Preservation- A Curatorial Approach”, University Press of Virginia. Reference books, journal articles as suggested by course faculty. Online Resources: W1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_ce14/preview W2. https://www.coursera.org/learn/preserving-cultural-heritage W2. https://www.edx.org/course/doing-gender-and-why-it-matters

To dwell in urban conservation, its approaches, methods, policies in the built and urban environment context. This unit shall dwell further in urban and architectural conservation, its approaches, methods, policies in the built environment context. The course shall delve into historically developed cities, heritage zones, world heritage sites, their culture and development of cities or zones of various scale, culture and locations. It shall comprehend the contemporary framework, legislations of urban conservation through case examples.

Artificial intelligence is an emerging field that has revolutionized many industries. AI is a powerful

tool that can help architects design buildings that are more efficient, aesthetically pleasing, and

sustainable. This unit discusses various AI technologies that are used in architecture, including

machine learning algorithms, computer vision, and natural language processing.

Course Outcome: Ability to use AI techniques and tools to improve efficiency and quality of design output. References: Reference books, journal articles as suggested by faculty

This unit will examine the relationship between population growth, migration, and economic development in urban areas to provide an overview of demographic theories and their application to urban economies. Topics covered include population dynamics, urbanization, labor markets, housing markets, transportation, and public policy.

Course Outcome: Ability to perform analysis on demographic data and conclude inferences to establish the correlation between demography and economics with the process of architectural design. References: Reference books, journal articles as suggested by faculty. 

R2. Glendinning, M. (2013). “The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural

Preservation”; Antiquity to Modernity. Oxon: Routledge.

R3. Oxley, R. (2015). “Survey and Repair of Traditional Buildings: A Sustainable Approach”.

New York: Routledge.

R4. Tawab, A. A. (2013). “Introduction to Urban Conservation”. Deutschland, Germany: LAP

LAMBERT Academic Publishing.

R5. Fitch James, “Historic Preservation- A Curatorial Approach”, University Press of Virginia.

R6. Phadke Shilpa Khan Sameera Ranade Shilpa, (2011). “Why Loiter? Women and Risk on

Mumbai Streets”. India: Penguin Random House.

R7. Elkin Lauren, (2016) “Flaneuse, Women walk the city in Paris, New York, Tokyo, Venice and

London”, London, Penguin Random House UK.

R8. Calvino, Italo. (1978).” Invisible Cities”. New York:Harcourt Brace Jovanovich

Reference books, journal articles as suggested by course faculty.

Culture, Imperialism: History of South Asia”. Delhi: OUP.

R2. Gadgil, M and Ramchandra Guha, (1994). “This fissured Land: An Ecological History of

India.” Delhi: OUP.

R3. Ibid. (1995). “Ecology and Equity: The Use and Abuse of Nature in Contemporary India.”

Delhi: Penguin.

R4. Guha, R. (ed). (1998). “Social Ecology: Readings in Sociology and Anthropology.” London:

OUP.

R5. Gilbert F. La Freniere. (2012). “The Decline of Nature: Environmental History and the

Western Worldview.” Paper Back ed. Oregon: Oak Savanna .

R6. Emilio F. Moran. (2006). “People and Nature: An Introduction to Human Ecological

Relations.” Wiley-Blackwell.

R7. Grove, Richard. (1996). “Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens and

the Origins of Environmentalism, 1600-1860.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Course Description:  This course aims at studying the linkages and processes of urban, infrastructural, and environmental systems and management that impact urban design and planning in cities and settlements. Case studies of infrastructure projects, Infrastructure and Environment Impact Assessment. Discussion of practical cases & critical analysis.

Course Objectives:    The objective of the course is to introduce concepts related to infrastructure development in urban areas with an aim for developing expertise in infrastructure planning and project management.

CO 2: Ability to gain knowledge in physical urban infrastructure and relate them to spatial aspects to urban development and management. Level: Intermediate

CO 3: Ability to gain knowledge in social urban infrastructure and relate them to spatial aspects to urban development and management; liveability and sustainability. Level: Intermediate

CO 4: Ability to apply analytical skills to critically assess infrastructure networks in terms of sustainability, liveability, and resilience. Level: Intermediate

Elements of Infrastructure - physical and social; their definitions, concepts, significance and importance; data required for provision and planning of urban networks and services. Resource analysis, provision of infrastructure, and land requirements, Principles of resource distribution in space; Types, hierarchical distribution of facilities, Access to facilities, provision and location criteria, norms and standards

Water supply systems, quality and quantity requirements, sources; collection and conveyance of water, treatment methods, and treatment plant location, planning distribution systems and management, their zoning with respect to urban structure. Waste water disposal mechanism and systems, waste water treatment methods, planning and location of treatment plants; disposal of municipal and industrial effluents, effects of rivers and water bodies, legal and institutional aspects.

Solid waste collection and disposal, elements of solid wastes management; classification and properties of solid wastes, on site collection, storage, transportation and disposal of solid wastes, processing and treatment of solid wastes, various social and legal aspects of the solid waste management. Power and communication system, source, generation, distribution and transmission networks, safety norms. Power consumption, demand and supply gap, duties and incentives impact on cities growth and development. 

Green infrastructure, parks, playgrounds, health facilities, education facilities, urban commons, their planning, accessibility and infrastructure gap analysis.

Infrastructure plan, including the development of city-level infrastructure plans, project prioritization of infrastructure and implementation framework. Infrastructure mapping at the city level, supply side and demand side diagnostics, identification of key city level infrastructure supply side and demand side issues and develop strategies to address existing gaps and as well as to address future city development needs and strategy and prepare a schematic Infrastructure plan.

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%

CIA 1 and 3 for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks.

CIA 2 for the course shall be conducted in the form of the Mid Semester Examination.

A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of the course

CIA -1- 10 Marks; CIA -2 - 15 Marks; CIA -3 - 20 Marks; Attendance- 05 Marks; Total - 50 Marks

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%

Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in the CIA.

The course shall have a written exam of a three-hour duration.

Total ESE- 50 Marks

PASS CRITERIA

A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%.

Course Description:

This design studio course studies and responds creatively to the impact on cities seen through a macro and regional lens by looking at ecological determinants such as regional water systems, along with corresponding infrastructural (physical & social) requirements. It shall include the administrative jurisdictional frameworks and their social and political influences on city building and sustenance.

1. Deciphering, representing and measuring the city as an organism, city as a system/ machine.

2. Understanding cities and its systems, from macro to micro perspectives - environmental, integrated transport, infrastructural, organizational, institutional, legislation, social, political aspects.

3. Scale of enquiry – urban form study, typology study; role and impact of ecology – environment and society, public realm, understanding of stakeholders, integrated transport and networks – in multiple media representations;

4. Critical thinking - higher order questions, how cities interphase with systems, processes and methods; cities and resilience, social ecology, cities and health, design and law. 

Course Objective:

The objective shall be to comprehend, document, analyze, critique the complexities of macro and regional systems and its relationship and impact on the city and metropolitan scale. To create and design possibilities and options to augment and cater at this city-metropolis-region interface. 

Introduction to comprehend the macro scale of the city-metropolis-region - their growth parameters, regional, ecological, infrastructural, transport linkages, human 36 settlements and their people; to relate and understand the impact on urban and local development.

Undertaking investigation in an emerging metropolitan or a non-metropolitan region (with growth prospects); to study, document, analyze issues, challenges faced and critique it to arrive at possible opportunities. 

To comprehend possibilities of integrated, collaborative and resilient development, explore concepts of urban expansion, urban regeneration.

Arrive at spatial strategies and scenario building for integrated, sustainable development using multi scalar approaches.

Explore linkages of regional and/or metropolitan scale to urban and/or municipal scale to local and/or neighborhood scale.

Delve into demography and built densities, transport networks, ecological linkages or existing agricultural settings, jurisdictional and institutional linkages.

Immersive studio in a workshop format which is interdisciplinary in the realm of the urban and built environment, ecology, including aspects from politics, economics, sociology and (suggested) involving participation from other academic and research organizations, government agencies, NGOs

Project formulation for a design intervention and demonstration at urban scale, local area development with regional linkages or context.

For e.g. Multi-modal integration hubs, transit oriented development, BRT design, station accessibility plans, area level development of environmentally sensitive urban precincts, financial and business hubs/parks.

R2. Barnett, Jonathan. (1974), “Urban Design as Public Policy”, McGraw-Hill Inc., US.

R3. Jacob, Alan. (1980),”Making City Planning Work”, American Planning Association.

R4. Barnett, Jonathan. (1982), “Introduction to Urban Design”, Icon (Harpe); 1st edition.

R5. Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. (2009) “Design Review, Principles and Practice”. (www.cabe.org.uk/files/design-review-principlesand-practice.pdf.)

R6. Hall, Tony. (2008) “Turning a Town Around: A Proactive Approach to Urban Design”. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing,

R7. Steve Tiesdell, David Adams. (2011) “Urban Design in the Real Estate Development Process.” Wiley-Blackwell.

R8. Lang, Jon. (2005) “Urban Design: A Typology of Procedures and Products”. Oxford, United Kingdom: Architectural Press.

R9. Gerald E. Frug. (1999) “City Making: Building Communities without Building Walls.” Princeton University Press.

Online Resources:

W1. https://www.edx.org/course/doing-gender-and-why-it-matters

W2. Greening the Economy: Sustainable Cities https://www.coursera.org/learn/gte-sustainable-cities#about

W3. Urban Transit for Livable Cities https://www.edx.org/course/urban-transit-for-livable-cities?index=product&queryID=2ec3dc96eec0 3179a39a1cbb8fe79bda&position=11

W4. Water Works: Activating Heritage for Sustainable Development; https://www.edx.org/course/water-works-activating-heritage-for-sustainable-development?index=pr oduct&queryID=4e2c42efe6b86afda99aca3709838f83&position=4 

W5. https://www.coursera.org/learn/iglus

W6. https://www.coursera.org/learn/grand-paris-metropolis

W7. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ar01/preview

Course Description:

The Workshop courses of Semester II focuses on developing the interpretative skills to comprehend and represent documentation and design development through various techniques, such as graphical, audio-visual, manual, digital and computational in multiple media.

Unit 1: Resources that are eclectically and thematically chosen by the course instructor that complement the corresponding Studio II. Unit 2: Choice- based unit chosen by students to complement their skill development necessary for studio II. 

Course Objective:

To develop interpretative skills in multiple media to represent documentation, analysis tools and design development

Develop various transects through the area of study to illustrate the issues and challenges of urban spaces – geographical, hydrological, environmental, experiential, gender, mobility, language and normative. 

This study aims at developing analytical skills in Site Planning and land suitability and capability analyses to comprehend location and distribution of resources, land uses, landscape, socio-economic condition, heritage, identifying constraints and opportunities. It involves developing analysis tools and methods through site planning and land suitability and capability of regional, urban and natural determinants through documentation, analyses and diagramming.

This study aims to expose students to different approaches to research and develop their skills in conducting research. It does so by introduction to research design, research methods tools and techniques, research questions, topic identification, formulating proposal, hypotheses formulation, research writing, analytical reading, evaluation, data sourcing and review. This course enables the student to approach technical research and writing in a professional manner.the systematic method to resolve a research problem through data gathering using various techniques, providing an interpretation of data gathered and drawing conclusions about the research data.

Identification of Research Problems, Objectives, Methodology and Research framework, conceptualizing and conducting a research proposal, theoretical and empirical gap identification, sample selection, data interpretation through quantitative and qualitative techniques. Limitations of Research, Technical Writing, Report Writing, Importance of Research ethics and Plagiarism. 

Research as a science, Research problems, Types of research and research design. Developing Research Questions, Hypothesis & Types of hypotheses.

Need and application of statistical approaches, scientific perspective, systematic enquiry, Quantitative research design, methods, instruments, data analysis, writing and presentation. Use of Statistical tools like Matlab, SPSS , R etc

Preview of primary and secondary data, Questionnaire & Interview Format, Group Interview, Focus group discussions, Formulation process, Advantages, Limitations. Interviewer & Respondent, Process of Interviewing, Merits & Demerits. Identification and Selection of Term Paper Topic, Class Discussions on Student Topics, Term Paper Presentations.

This unit will cater the demand that the present world faces with the unpredicted situations struck causing financial and resource crisis. Through this unit the student will be enabled to choose and work with Low cost building techniques and materials

Course Outcome: Ability to integrate the knowledge of low cost building materials and techniques in designing and execution of architectural projects. 

Project Management and Financing

This unit will deal with the financial component involved with the architectural and urban design domain. Through the unit the student will be able to plan and manage the project according to the flow of money and efficiently conclude the project with least monetary issues. 

Course Outcome:

Ability to prepare project management plans and financial management strategies for architectural projects

R2. Fred N. Kerlinger, Foundations of Behavioural Research, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc., New York.

R3. Enquiry by Design: Tools for Environment-Behaviour Research. John Zeisel. Publisher-CUP Archive, 1984. ISBN-0521319714, 978052131971.

R4. Robert Sommer & Barbara Sommer (2002) A Practical Guide to Behavioural Research: Tools and Techniques. New York: The Oxford University Press.

R5. Reinhold. John W. Creswell (2003) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches. 2nd Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

R6. Huff, D. (1954). How to Lie with Statistics. New York: W. W. Norton & Company

Course Description: The Seminar courses of Semester II shall delve into further critical thinking triggered in the studio course, to offer in depth inquiry. Unit 1: Courses that are eclectically and thematically chosen by the course instructor that complement Studio II. Unit 2: Choice- based unit chosen by students to complement their skill development in necessary for the studio II.

Course Objective: To develop critical thinking and in depth enquiry in the respective seminar course.

This study aims to inform the students on the various processes and practices of city planning, development, regulatory processes implementation in Indian cities. It shall introduce the students on city planning, its processes, scope in urban development, land use zonal regulations, emerging planning strategies and concepts, enforcement and implementation in planning in Indian cities.

Planning Principles for Cities: Concepts and theories of planning and their applications as Master Plans, Development Plans, Structure Plans etc. Planning terms and their definitions, Concepts of Zonal Plans, Area Development Plans, Development Schemes, Urban Renewal, Redevelopment, City Development Plans, Planned Unit Development etc.

Concept of Planning and Planning tools: Concepts of land use, zoning regulations, mixed use development, Special Economic Zones, Planning surveys and sampling, evaluation of planning requirements, town planning schemes, Planning standards and models

This topic critically dwells into the impact on cities and urban development when faced with insurgencies that are environmental, economic, cultural, social and political in nature. It shall examine cities and how they behave in the backdrop of insurgencies, under extreme environmental, economic, cultural, social and political unrest; the impact on the state of society, infrastructure and wellbeing on the inhabitants.

This unit shall comprehend and critically appraise the role of social infrastructure on cities and the environment. It looks at linkages of liveability of cities through the lens of social infrastructure, public health, mismanaged physical infrastructure, adverse environmental effects on various beings in cities and settlements.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend and examine the issues and aspects that alter the state of wellbeing in the built environment and how to improve the same. 

This unit’s objective is to analyze and critique approaches, theories, methods for critical thinking, conducting research and writing. It shall delve in critical understanding of urbanism, architecture in historical, contemporary contexts and theories, through aspects of research and practice.

Course Outcome: Ability to conduct research, critique and write effectively in chosen areas of study.

This unit is a choice based, elective unit, which the students can choose based on their interest and specialization from the suggested topics in syllabus. The production may be in the form of term paper and/or publication.T

This unit will take the students to the advancement mapping and analysis procedure they are having with the addition of GIS tools and techniques. Be the end of this unit student will be able to use the GIS network and allied tools to perform mapping and further analysis

Course Outcome: Ability to perform spatial analysis based on GIS data using appropriate tools 

This unit explores the science of people and deals with the dynamic character of society and community with informatics enabling the student to interpret social and communal characters to perform analysis and draw inferences through various studies and tools.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend the importance of social and communal factors in the architectural design process

Course Description: This course shall introduce the students to city planning, its processes, emerging planning strategies and concepts, enforcement and implementation in planning in Indian cities.

Course Objective: This course aims to inform the students on the various methods and practices of city planning, development, and regulatory processes implementation in Indian cities.

National Urban Planning-Polices and strategies, Overview of Legal and statutory aspects of Planning, Town Planning Acts.

Models and theories will be taken as per the case of the selected Indian Cities.

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%

• CIA 1 and 3 for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks.
• CIA 2 for the course shall be conducted in the form of the Mid Semester Examination.
• A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of the course
• CIA -1- 10 Marks; CIA -2 - 15 Marks; CIA -3 - 20 Marks; Attendance- 05 Marks; Total CIA - 50

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%

• Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in CIA.
• The course shall have a written exam of a three-hour duration.
• Total ESE- 50 Marks

PASS CRITERIA

A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%.

The objective shall be to document, analyze, and synthesize the overlapping and intersecting patterns, processes and conflicts of ecological and urban contexts in a collaborative manner to arrive at a design proposal. To understand and evolve policy level guidelines which ensure an imagined future physical scenario.

This studio course studies the inter-discipline of ecology and urbanism, the overlaying and

intersecting patterns, processes and conflicts in a collaborative manner. It shall delve into

ecological urbanism as an approach and means to urban design and development.

- Representation of the region, urban and local through ecology and urbanism, systems of production

- Understanding and mapping the contextual quality: understanding the idea of the city as a product; part of larger systems, relationships between physical, environmental and societal. Engaging in participative approaches to design & planning. It maps cities in the backdrop of their processes, and management systems that challenge their resilience, through natural disasters, climate change, urban flooding, growing urbanization, infrastructural challenges, solid waste management, energy consumption, and urban regeneration.

- The scale of enquiry adopts a multi-scalar approach ranging from regional to urban to local, public-private interfaces, and understanding of stakeholders, in multiple media representations.

- Critical thinking in the realms of political ecology, water resource and reason, urban jurisdictions, legislation and governance, implementation mechanisms, and the role of urban economics. It will examine the role of resilient practices, initiating, enabling, facilitating, and managing processes and agencies.

Introduction to concepts of ecological urbanism, the inter-discipline of ecology and urbanism; an alternative approach to solving today’s acute urban and environmental issues.

• Documenting, studying and analysing the overlaying and intersecting patterns of the
• Ecological and the urban-built & physical orders on cities, metropolis and their rural counterparts
• Urban spaces and productive landscapes.

Understanding the policies, regulations, and jurisdictions that shape these territories that are under economic, political, social and cultural influences.

Undertaking case analysis for establishing premise from existing research works, from suggested realms such as, understanding land through lens and approaches of geographical, natural, legal, ethical, ownership and the like.

Immersive studio in a workshop format which is interdisciplinary in the realm of the urban and built environment, ecology, including aspects from politics, economics, sociology and (suggested) involving participation from other academic and research organisations, government agencies, NGOs.

Arriving at design intentions and proposals with an understanding of the land and its dependency on physical, environmental and social structures for new spatial forms.

R2. Hagan, S. (2014). Ecological Urbanism: The Nature of the City. Location: Routledge. doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315761480.

R2. Hagan, S. (2014). Ecological Urbanism: The Nature of the City. Location: Routledge. doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315761480.

W1. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ar01/preview W2. Street Experiments for Sustainable and Resilient cities (COUSERA) https://www.coursera.org/learn/streetexperiments W3. Making Architecture (COUSERA) https://www.coursera.org/learn/making-architectur

The assessment pattern comprises two components; the Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) and the End Semester Examination (ESE). The weightage of CIA marks and ESE marks has a ratio of 50:50.
CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%
Continuous Internal Assessment for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks. Attendance and participation in the studio would be considered in the evaluation rubrics. A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of a particular course.
Total CIA - 300 Marks
END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%
Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in the CIA.
This course shall have a Viva Voce evaluated by an external examiner and internal examiner of the portfolio presentation. 
Total ESE - 300 Marks
PASS CRITERIA
A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%.

Course Description: The Workshop course of Semester III focuses on developing the interpretative, and analytical skills to comprehend and represent documentation and design development through various techniques, such as graphical, audio-visual, manual, digital, and computational in multiple media. The workshop also intends to develop soft skills to communicate with non-technical and public interphases.

Unit 1: Resources that are eclectically and thematically chosen by the course instructor that complement the corresponding Studio III.

Unit 2: Choice-based unit chosen by students to complement their skill development necessary for studio III.

Course Objective: To develop interpretative, analytical, and soft skills in multiple media to represent documentation, analysis tools, and design development.

The study is intended to introduce the concept of people’s participation in urban design and development projects. It is as part of training students in soft skills, engaging with stakeholders in government bodies, agencies, and public communities; involving in advocacy activities through employing suitable verbal, visual, graphical, written and mapping techniques.

Introduction to Public Participation: Concept and importance of people’s participation in planning and developmental activities. The scope, types and relevance and the existing system/approaches to public participation and consultations.

Identification of stakeholders, issues and interactions, the institutionalization of people participation. Individual/NGO/CBO efforts in people planning with examples, national and international.

Approaches, methods and Processes of Public Participation: Participatory approaches, typology of participation, key principles of applying participatory methods and tools, participatory attitudes and behaviour, Teamwork skills in the context of participation, participation as a process, participatory monitoring and Evaluation, beneficiary assessment, social assessment, stakeholder analysis.

Community Participation: Detailed cases of community participation in areas of provision of housing/shelter, electricity, water supply, sanitation, solid waste disposal, transport, social infrastructure – health, education and cultural facilities; economic upliftment, resource mobilisation; maintenance and management of community assets. Integrated with Design Studio to conduct public and/or stakeholder participation and consultations.

Alternative City Metrics. [25 Hrs]

The aim of this study is to delve into alternative parameters of city building, reading of cities and their liveability. Also develops alternative methods, strategies and approaches to gauging/establishing a city or settlement in the context of liveability, gender sensitivity and happiness index.

Choice based [25 Hrs]

Choice 1: Urban Projects and Products

This unit is to comprehend the various urban design and developments projects and products. It enables the student to gain knowledge in various types of urban projects and products of urban development and their practical aspects as in its industry. It includes comprehending the need for such projects and schemes, their bidding processes and proposals, and the feasibility for national and international projects such as Smart Cities; AMRUT, HRIDAY and the like.

Course Outcome: Ability to infer new indices to approach urban development and liveability. 

Choice 2: Paradigms of Urbanism

This unit develops alternative methods, strategies and approaches to gauging/establishing a city or settlement in the context of liveability. It aims to understand the three paradigms of urbanism that endeavours with different ‘Sensibilities, Methodologies, and Outcomes’.

New Urbanism:  Apprise about Utopian, idealist and reformist approaches to strategies; inspirational in style and structuralist in conception - explore case examples; Explain how it aspires to a social ethic that builds new or repairs old communities in ways that equitably mix people of different income, ethnicity, race, and age, etc.

Everyday Urbanism:  Explore nonutopian or utopian, conversational, and non-structuralist. Realize the non-utopian in how it celebrates and builds on everyday ordinary life and reality, with the little pretence about the possibility of a perfectible, tidy or ideal built environment.

Post Urbanism:  Explore Koolhaas Urbanism; heterotopia, sensational, and post-structuralist approaches to design thinking. Explore with case examples: Architectural languages that are abstract, with little reference to surroundings, physical or historical context.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend and critically appraise concepts of Paradigms of Urbanism.

Choice 3: Sustainable Environmental Design

This unit is to comprehend urban design, architecture and design in the context of environment and sustainability. This unit delves into urban sustainability in a multi-scalar approach for climate regions, urban blocks and microclimate of building types using tools and computational methods and undertaking case analyses.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend the concept of urban sustainability, using computational methods

1. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2001). Citizens as Partners Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making. Paris: OECD Publishing. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264195561-en.
2. Roger W. Caves, Fritz Wagner, (2018) Liveable Cities from a Global Perspective, Routledge.
3. Peter Evans (2002),  Liveable Cities Urban Struggles for Livelihood and Sustainability, University of California Press.
4. Elkin Lauren, (2016) “Flaneuse, Women walk the city in Paris, New York, Tokyo, Venice and London”,  London, Penguin Random House UK.
5. Phadke Shilpa Khan Sameera Ranade Shilpa, (2011). “Why Loiter? Women and Risk on Mumbai Streets”. India: Penguin Random House.

Unit 2

Choice 1: Urban Projects and Products

1. Lang, J. T. (2005). ”Urban design: A typology of procedures and products.” Oxford: Elsevier/Architectural Press.

Choice 2: Paradigms of Urbanism

1. Emily Talen, Congress for the New Urbanism (2013). ‘Charter of the New Urbanism’, McGraw-Hill Education.
2. Peter Katz (2014). ‘The New Urbanism: Toward an Architecture of Community’,  McGraw- Hill Education.
3. John Chase, John Kaliski, Margaret Crawford (2008). ‘Everyday Urbanism’,  Monacelli Press.
4. Michel de Certeau (1984). ‘Practice of Everyday Life,’ University of California Press.
5. Garth Myers (2020). ‘Rethinking Urbanism Lessons from Postcolonialism and the Global South’,  Bristol University Press.
6. Felipe Hernández, Ken Nicolson, Dewi Jayanti (2002). ‘Hybrid Places/hybrid Urbanism’, Center for Environmental Design Research, University of California at Berkeley.

Choice 3: Sustainable Environmental Design

As recommended by the course instructor. 

About the course: All students shall undergo a mandatory summer internship of 8-week duration after the first year of the M. Arch Program. The students should undertake internships with design offices or NGOs rendering urban design, planning projects that may have inter-disciplinary teams, in government bodies and agencies, advocacy groups, NGOs and the like.

The eight-week duration should ensure the student, gains exposure to professional practice in the urban development sector, inclusive of any of the following aspects, large scale architecture, urban design, urban planning, regional planning, environmental planning, transport planning, heritage and urban conservation, policy formulation, advocacy, Governance interface, exposure in projects of Smart Cities, HRIDAY, legislation, financial and implementation aspects of projects.

Course Description:

The Seminar courses of Semester III shall delve into further critical thinking triggered in the studio

course, to offer in depth inquiry.

Unit 1: Courses that are eclectically and thematically chosen by the course instructor that

complement Studio III.

Unit 2: Choice- based unit chosen by students to complement their skill development in necessary

for the studio III.

Course Objective: To develop critical thinking and in depth enquiry in the respective seminar

course.

1.1 Pre Theeis

1.2 Political Ecology

1.3 Urban Legislation & Governance

This study taken by third semester students undertake various reading and writing exercises in the

process of identifying and refining their thesis topics. It aims to be a precursor to each student’s

Thesis Project Formation for the final semester, where it entails to investigate and set a context, and

explore research methodologies and design attitudes

Role of Urban Mission and Urban Schemes; Housing, Sanitation, Power, Drinking Water. Resource

Allocation and Governance.

Institutional frame and mechanism for urban governance as envisaged in the 73rd and 74th

Constitution Amendment Acts. Challenging Urban Issues, Managing Centrally sponsored Urban

Missions, Project Planning and Execution, Central and State Govt. Subjects and Legality.

Course Outcomes: 1. Ability to comprehend the components, types and methods adopted in Research. 2. Ability to write a research proposal to demonstrate the knowledge on research writing. 3. Ability to theorize, articulate research questions for chosen a subject in a spatial context. 4. Ability to comprehend and critically appraise the politics of environment and its spatial impact. 5. Ability to comprehend the role, impact, effectiveness of urban bodies, organizations that guide economic and physical development. 6. Ability to comprehend and examine governance from legal, political, social and economic perspectives. 7. Ability to comprehend and gain knowledge the various means and approaches to urban schemes and their role in decision making for urban development. 

The objective of this study is to sensitize the student to the political influences and impact on

environment, urbanity, and society. It examines the impact on environment and settlements through

the lens of underplaying socio-cultural factors of society, economy and politics and its spatial

impact in cities and environment (local or regional).

EIA and corresponding notifications, its assessment on the effects on Environment. Social Impact

Assessment and its assessment influence on the society.

Activism, stakeholders and their participation in decision making.

Municipal functions and territory, public and private accountability, official orders and

notifications. Collection of revenue and allocation of budget. Differences between institutions and

organizations; approaches to understanding organizations, aspects of E-Governance.

This study provides an introduction to the mechanism of urban legislation and governance in urban

development. It informs the legislation and governance framework that influence and impact urban

planning and design along with its outreach in governance of cities studied through comparative

case studies.

Introduction to Pre-thesis, by studying various approaches and modes of research. Identification of

a relevant topic of research in chosen area of interest. Students must undertake in depth reading and

writing to identify and refine their research topics. This can be done through identification of

research issues, problems, and knowledge gap to arrive at specific research questions which help

frame the research topic.

On the basis of research questions and type of research, identification and adoption of appropriate

research methodology, research methods, data sources. Research proposal writing and its

components; research writing and its components; use of language, use of software, plagiarism and

writing the research document.

Definition of the Thesis proposal that shall be undertaken in the subsequent semester. A plan of

action for a working title of the Thesis, literature review, objectives and study methodology.

An overview of people, land and environment, urban and metropolitan planning authorities, role of

municipal bodies. Types, organizational structure and functions, their interface and conflicts, reach,

and their effectiveness; methods, process and evaluation; present organizations and involved in

urban governance.

Introduction: Water availability and uses: regional and global scenario; Challenges in water

management.

Relationship between land and water connections in human habitats and environments; surface

runoff, infiltration factors. Land Use and Water Resources.

The unit is an introduction to the policies, market, finance and delivery of housing to various

segments of urban population. This unit also includes the connected elements of housing; land and

rent. This unit shall include the evolution of housing policies, housing need, supply and their

estimation, understanding of housing markets, price and valuation.

A. Design and Law

B. Water Resource & Reason

C. Urban Housing

Understanding and discerning the concept of sustainable water consumption and management with

economic, social and ecological perspectives; stakeholder’s participation. Sustainability and water

resources planning: Social, economic and ecological perspective. Integrated water resources

management: visions, goals and strategies for sustainable future.

Evolution of housing policies in India, introduction to housing need; demand and supply process;

estimation of housing need and demand; review of housing policies in various planning periods in

India;

Basic concepts in understanding housing markets; market price and valuation; policies which affect

the housing market (land & rent); review of existing housing finance market and institutions of

housing finance.

Traditional water harvesting techniques - Global, Regional and Zonal scenarios

Community water conservation practices in ancient India, community water conservation practices.

Contemporary urbanization and water needs. Recent urbanization trends; Water resource supply &

demand.

Participatory water management in contemporary India: Challenges and potentials. Combining

policy-driven and needs-driven initiatives towards water sustainability.

Concepts of housing layouts; issues of density, open spaces, community spaces, services and

accessible open areas. House types and their implication on layout.

Technology and project delivery of housing; private and public role in housing market. Low

income, marginal income and affordable housing schemes and institutions involved in the

production. Design guidelines for housing with special focus on marginal housing schemes for

varied socio economic groups.

Course Outcomes: CO 1: Ability to comprehend the evolution of housing policies in India. Ability to critically review the existing policy/framework that influences housing including housing finance, market price and valuation. CO 2: Ability to comprehend the concepts of housing and its access by different socio economic groups.

 References: Reference books, journal articles as suggested by course faculty. R1. Datta Kavita and Jones G.A., “Housing Finance in Developing Countries.” Routledge, London. R2. Pugh Cedric, “Housing and Urbanization”, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Online Resources: W1. Urban Sociology and Urban Development (unit-9

The objective of this unit is to comprehend the various dimensions of the water resources and

management, conservations, concerns and issues of sustainability. This unit shall exclusively look

at Water and its systems, processes, renewability, issues of groundwater and surface water

depletion, pollution and linkages to social justice.

Watershed Planning: Overview, problem definition, project scope and stakeholder involvement.

Watershed inventory and identification of water impairments.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend water as a resource and the reasons for its current state in urban and environmental context.

References: R1. Richter, B. (2006). “Protecting In-stream flows, How much water does a River Need? The Nature Conservancy's Freshwater Initiative.” Watershed Academy. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov.watertrain/river/ R2. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2008). “Handbook for developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect our Waters.” Washington DC: EPA. R3. Vladimir Novotny, J. A. (2010). “Water Centric Sustainable Communities: Planning, Retrofitting, and Building the Next Urban Environment.” John Wiley & Sons. Reference books, journal articles as suggested by course faculty.

The objective of this unit is to comprehend the role of legislations and their impact on environment,

urban design and development conducted through case analyses. This unit examines the role of

legal systems, legislations, policies that impact urban development and design of cities; their

impact on spatial, environmental, societal and governance aspects by taking case studies and

analysis.

Course Outcome: Ability to comprehend and critically appraise the role and impact of legislations on design and development in urban and environmental context.

 References: Reference books, journal articles as suggested by course faculty.

London.

R2. Pugh Cedric, “Housing and Urbanization”, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

This course entails guided research where students shall have their individual design thesis where they shall investigate, conceptualise and demonstrate research and design methodology for their own context and design.

A ‘Special Topic’ is suggested to be taken up, in an area of interest that complements the ongoing Thesis.

The thesis will be guided by a primary guide from the SOA and an optional co-guide from any other institution, an organization from academia or practice.

Course Objective:

To demonstrate the ability to comprehend the nature of urbanism, and problems and create a brief which sets the framework for design. To demonstrate an advanced level of design ability to convert the brief set forth into a speculative proposition of design.

In depth analysis of the design project to comprehend the nature of urbanism guided by the research questions. Site visit, documentation and dependency mapping of the context or issue under exploration.

Creating a design brief for a framework of design.

The project should demonstrate competence in integrating various issues of social, formal, and environmental and urbanistic concerns into design.

Conducting case reviews, critique of literature, and live case analysis of examples related to the project.

Conceptual design guided by sound research methodology, larger strategies, program formulation for an informed thesis project.

The ‘Special Topic’ is suggested to be taken up, in an area of interest that complements the ongoing Thesis.

Detailed demonstration of the design; policy or design guidelines, research design and the design demonstration shall be as per the accepted norms of scientific research methods.

Developing a detailed written report of the thesis project.

Suggested References in Research Methodology

1. Ranjit Kumar,  Research Methodology - A step-by-step guide for Beginners. Sage Publications, New Delhi.
2. Fred N. Kerlinger, Foundations of Behavioural Research, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc., New York.
3. Enquiry by Design: Tools for Environment-Behaviour Research. John Zeisel. Publisher- CUP Archive, 1984. ISBN-0521319714, 978052131971.

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%

• CIA 1, 2, and 3 for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks. Attendance and participation in the studio would be considered in the evaluation-rubrics.
• A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of a particular course
• Total - 500 Marks

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%

• Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in the CIA.
• The course shall have a Viva Voce evaluated by an external examiner and internal examiner of the portfolio presentation.

• Total ESE - 500 Marks

PASS CRITERIA
A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%.

The objective of this unit is to comprehend urban finance with respect to urban projects and municipal finance. This unit examines the various means, methods and tools of financial and economic models that dictate and contribute to city development and implementation of proposals.

The objective of this unit is to study cities with respect to their economic patterns; to introduce a theoretical framework for understanding the spatial structure of cities and the nature of the urban economy; to explain the existence, growth and impact of cities; to comprehend the role of public and private policies that impact the urban form, structure and economy. This unit shall include microeconomics and its approaches, application, and linkages to urbanism, land use and development and other infrastructural components that shape cities.

Introduction to Urban Economics and Cities:  Cities Land use and economy, Cities Cluster, Agglomeration Economics and size of Cities, Land Use Patterns and Urban Sprawl, Land economics for spatial urban planning.

Urban Economic Growth: Economic growth and pace of urbanization and its rapid development; Concepts of urban innovation, competitiveness and economy, human capital, demand and supply. Land Utilization, capital and market; pressures on urban infrastructure.

Urban Economics and Impact on Cities: Urban crime, poverty and inequality and disparity, urban housing and environmental issues; in & out-migration.

Urban Economics and Governance:  The role of local government, state and central government urban bodies; Sources of finance and economic viability; the role of private and public sectors in urban economics.

W1. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ar01/preview (week 15) W2. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc22_hs64/preview W3. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/imb21_mg38/preview

CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (CIA): 50%

Continuous Internal Assessment for this course shall be conducted by the respective faculty in the form of different types of assignments. Students need to complete the assignments within the stipulated time for the award of marks. Attendance and participation in the studio would be considered in the evaluation rubrics. A minimum of 50% in the CIA is required to appear for the End Semester Examination (ESE) of a particular course.

Total - 50 Marks

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION (ESE): 50%

Eligibility to appear for ESE is a score of a minimum of 50% in the CIA.

This course shall have a Viva Voce evaluated by an external examiner and internal examiner of the portfolio presentation. 

Total - 50 Marks

PASS CRITERIA

A student shall pass the course only on a minimum aggregate score (CIA+ESE) of 45% and a minimum CIA Score of 50% and an ESE score of 40%